abstract：:Tetanus is caused by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium tetani (C. tetani), a spore-forming bacterium. Infection begins when tetanus spores are introduced into damaged tissue. Tetanus is characterized by muscle rigidity and painful muscle spasms caused by tetanus toxin's blockade of inhibitory neurons that normally ...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Verma R,Khanna P

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines depend primarily on the vaccine recipient and the virus similarity to the endemic virus. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and cytokines are known to restrict immune responses against viral infections. We conducted this study to explore the role of Tregs, cytokines, and an...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Wang SM,Tsai MH,Lei HY,Wang JR,Liu CC

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer immunotherapy has seen a tremendous number of failures and only few recent regulatory successes. This is a review dedicated to determine major regulatory and developmental issues around cancer immunotherapeutics. A three pillar approach should be used in setting a development path: discovery platforms and suffi...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Kudrin A

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This double-blind, randomized study evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of three production lots of the fully liquid combination DTwP-Hep-Hib vaccine, Quinvaxem (®) (Crucell, The Netherlands) in 360 healthy infants aged 42-64 d old given at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age (Core Study). The Core Study was followed by an...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Aspinall S,Traynor D,Bedford P,Hartmann K

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer immunotherapy has seen a tremendous number of failures and only few recent regulatory successes. This review is a first in a series dedicated to evaluate the status of current global clinical pipeline for cancer vaccines. Apart from specific areas of medical need which can be addressed by cancer vaccines, the a...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Kudrin A,Hanna MG Jr

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1796, Edward Jenner introduced the concept of vaccination with cowpox virus, an Orthopoxvirus within the family Poxviridae that elicits cross protective immunity against related orthopoxviruses, including smallpox virus (variola virus). Over time, vaccinia virus (VACV) replaced cowpox virus as the smallpox vaccine,...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Verardi PH,Titong A,Hagen CJ

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When the next pandemic emerges, will we be ready? Experts say that the number of animal to human "species jumps" is bound to increase as populations increase and the speed of travel between continents accelerates. Typical pandemic timelines no longer apply.(1) Pandemic H1N1 traveled the world in just weeks, as did SAR...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Spero D,Petrovsky N,De Groot AS

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rotavirus vaccines were licensed in Spain between late 2006 and early 2007. Rotavirus vaccination was recommended but not reimbursed by the Spanish National Health System. Significant coverage rates have been reached in Galicia, with an average of 47% since the period July 2007-June 2008. We aim to explore eventual va...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Martinón-Torres F,Martinón-Torres N,Bouzón Alejandro M,Redondo Collazo L,Pértega-Díaz S,Seoane-Pillado MT,Aboal Viñas J,San-Martín M

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunogenicity and safety of ACWY-TT compared with licensed ACWY polysaccharide vaccine (MenPS) in healthy adults, and lot-to-lot consistency of three ACWY-TT lots were evaluated in a phase 3, open, controlled study. Adults aged 18-55 y were randomized to receive ACWY-TT (one of three lots) or MenPS. Serum bactericida...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Dbaibo G,Macalalad N,Aplasca-De Los Reyes MR,Dimaano E,Bianco V,Baine Y,Miller J

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MnB) is a significant cause of invasive meningococcal disease, but no broadly protective vaccine is yet approved. We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of a bivalent MnB vaccine composed of lipidated subfamily A and B variants of recombinant LP2086 (rLP2086, also known as factor...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Sheldon EA,Schwartz H,Jiang Q,Giardina PC,Perez JL

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rotavirus (RV) infection is the primary cause for childhood gastroenteritis worldwide. In Korea, RV infection is most common among children less than 5 years of age. This post-licensure study was conducted to further evaluate the RV vaccine (RIX4414) to provide additional local clinical data to the Korean Food and Dru...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Kim JS,Bae CW,Lee KY,Park MS,Choi YY,Kim KN,Kim JD,Park WS,Sin JB,Kim EA,Lee SG,Kim CS,Cha SH,Hong YJ,Shin SM,Shim GH,Choi KM,Yang JW,Liu A,Suryakiran PV,Han HH

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We conducted a national study of children's hospitals and neighboring general medical-surgical hospitals to examine their employee vaccination policies. Survey questions addressed health care personnel (HCP) influenza vaccination policies for the 2009-2010 (seasonal, H1N1) and 2010-2011 (H1N1 + seasonal = combined) in...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Danziger P,Davis MM

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rubella is a contagious viral disease, which mainly affects the fetus, if the mother is infected in the 1st trimester of her pregnancy. All adolescent girls (aged 11 to 19 y) and women of childbearing age are at risk of developing rubella. This disease is mild and self-limiting, and incubation period is 2-3 weeks. Hum...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Verma R,Khanna P,Chawla S

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid production of influenza vaccine antigen is an important challenge when a new pandemic occurs. Production of recombinant antigens in plants is a quick, cost effective and up scalable new strategy for influenza vaccine production. In this study, we have characterized a recombinant influenza haemagglutinin antigen ...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Jul-Larsen Å,Madhun AS,Brokstad KA,Montomoli E,Yusibov V,Cox RJ

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza may cause severe complications for pregnant women. In this study antibody response against 2009 H1N1 influenza virus in pregnant women was investigated. This seroprevalance cross sectional and questionnaire based study was conducted using a convenient sampling method. Blood samples of pregnant women were che...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Honarvar B,Moghadami M,Moattari A,Emami A,Tabatabaee HR,Jahromi BN,Asadi N,Mousavizadeh A,Lankarani KB,Joulaei H,Ghaffarpasand F

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pseudo-neutralization assay (PsV) described in the current report allows for the creation of HPV18 pseudovirions in order to evaluate whether the antibody responses elicited following vaccination with Gardasil(®) are sufficient to neutralize the activity of these pseudovirions in vitro. The PsV assay evaluates a b...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Roberts C,Swoyer R,Bryan J

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A and B and certain non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS) serovars are important causes of invasive Salmonella disease worldwide. NTS serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis typically cause gastroenteritis in healthy children and adults in industrialized countries but in...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Simon R,Levine MM

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sipuleucel-T, the first autologous active cellular immunotherapy approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, is designed to stimulate an immune response to prostate cancer. Sipuleucel-T is manufactured by culturing a patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells (including antigen presenting cells) with...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Wesley JD,Whitmore J,Trager J,Sheikh N

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccine preventable diseases have been responsible for a significant portion of childhood mortality in low-income countries, and have been re-emerging in medium- and high-income countries. The effectiveness of routine childhood immunization programs relies on multiple factors. Social determinants have the potential to...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Glatman-Freedman A,Nichols K

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are causatively associated with cervical cancer, which is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. HPV-16 and 18 are among the high risk types and responsible for HPV infection in more than 70% of the cases. The majority of cervical cancer cases occur in developing ...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Waheed MT,Gottschamel J,Hassan SW,Lössl AG

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:H5N1 influenza candidate vaccine viruses were developed using the "6+2" approach. The hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes were derived from the popular H5N1 virus and the remaining six internal segments were derived from the A/Puerto Rico/8/34 strain (H1N1, PR8). However, some of these candidate strains ha...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Pan W,Dong Z,Meng W,Zhang W,Li T,Li C,Zhang B,Chen L

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), is a major health problem particularly in developing countries. The available vaccines have certain limitations regarding their efficacy, and inability to induce an immune response especially in individuals under 2 years of age. Conjugate vaccines ...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Ali A,An SJ,Cui C,Haque A,Carbis R

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on an increasingly extensive literature expressing the large interest in the field, this paper gives an overview of different aspects of influenza prevention in children. It relies on paradoxes. First, the heaviest part of the burden is well demonstrated in the youngest infants by numerous epidemiological data e...

journal_title：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

authors： Olivier CW

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00